UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA    PUBLICATIONS. 


COLLEGE  OF  AGRICULTURE. 

AGRICULTURAL  EXPERIMENT  STATION 


COMMERCIAL  FERTILIZERS 


By  GEORGE  ROBERTS. 


BULLETIN   No.   157 

(Berkeley,  Cal.,  April,  1904.) 


SACRAMENTO : 

W.  W.  SHANNON,         -  -  -  SUPERINTENDENT  STATE  PRINTING. 

1904. 


BENJAMIN  IDE  WHEELER,  Ph.D.,  LL.D.,  President  of  the  University. 

EXPERIMENT  STATION  STAFF. 

E.  W.  HILGAPvD,  Ph.D.,  LL.D.,  Director  and  Chemist. 

E.  J.  WICKSON,  M.A.,  Horticulturist,  and  Superintendent,  of  Central  Station  Grounds. 

W.  A.  SETCHELL,  Ph.D.,  Botanist. 

ELWOOD  MEAD,  M.S.,  C.E.,  Irrigation  Engineer. 

R.  H.  LOUGHRIDGE,  Ph.D.,  Agricultural  Geologist  and  Soil  Physicist.    (Soils  and  Alkali.) 

C.  W.  WOODWORTH,  M.S.,  Entomologist. 

M.  E.  JAFFA,  M.S.,  Assistant  Chemist.    (Foods,  Nutrition.) 

G.  W.  SHAW,  M.A.,  Ph.D.,  Assistant  Chemist.    (Starches,  Oils,  Beet-Sugar.) 

GEORGE  E.  COLBY,  M.S.,  Assistant  Chemist.    (Fruits,   Waters,  Insecticides.) 

RALPH  E.  SMITH,  B.S.,  Plant  Pathologist. 

A.  R.  WARD,  B.S.A.,  D.V.M.,  Veterinarian,  Bacteriologist. 

E.  H.  TWIGHT,  B.Sc,  Diploma  E.A.M.,  Viticulturist. 

E.  W.  MAJOR,  B.Agr.,  Animal  Industry. 

A.  V.  STUBENRAUCH,  M.S.,  Assistant  Horticulturist,  in  charge  of  Substations. 

H.  J.  QUAYLE,  A.B.,  Assistant  Entomologist. 

WARREN  T.  CLARKE,  B.S.,  Assistant  Field  Entomologist. 

H.  M.  HALL,  M.S.,  Assistant  Botanist. 

GEORGE  ROBERTS,  M.S.,  Assistant  Chemist,  in  charge  Fertilizer  Control. 

C.  A.  TRIEBEL,  Ph.G.,  Assistant  in  Agricultural  Laboratory. 

C.  A.  COLMORE,  B.S.,  Clerk  to  the  Director. 


EMIL  KELLNER,  Foreman  of  Central  Station  Grounds. 

JOHN  TUOHY,  Patron,  ) 

lr  Tulare  Substation,  Tulare. 
JULIUS  FORRER,  Foreman,  ) 

J.  E.  McCOMAS,  Patron,  Pomona,  \ 

J.  W.  MILLS,  Superintendent,  Ontario,  >■  Southern  California  Substation. 

JOHN  H.  BARBER,  Assistant  Superintendent,  Ontario,   ) 

A.  A.  KNOWLTON,  Patron,  )    „  M         .      „ 

y   University  Forestry  Station,  Chico. 
J.  H.  OOLEY,  Workman  in  charge,  ) 

ROY  JONES,  Patron,        ) 

y   University  Forestry  Station,  Santa  Monica. 
WM.  SHUTT,  Foreman,    \ 

H.  O.  WOODWORTH,  M.S.,  Foreman  of  Poultry  Station,  Petaluma. 


The  Station  publications  (Reports  and  Bulletins),  so  long  as  avail- 
able, will  be  sent  to  any  citizen  of  the  State  on  application. 


COMMERCIAL  FERTILIZERS. 


By  GEORGE  ROBERTS. 


At  the  session  of  1903  the  State  Legislature  passed  the  following  act 
to  regulate  the  sale  of  commercial  fertilizers: 

•CHAPTER  CCXXV. — An  act  to  regulate  the  sale  of  commercial  fertilizers  or  materials 
used  for  manurial  purposes,  and  to  provide  penalties  for  the  infraction  thereof,  and  means 
for  the  enforcement  of  the  act. 

[Approved  March  20,  1903.] 

The  People  of  the  State  of   California,  represented  in  Senate  and  Assembly,  do  enact  as 

follows: 

Section  1.  Every  lot,  parcel,  or  package  of  commercial  fertilizers  or  materials  to  be 
used  for  manurial  purposes  (excepting  the  dung  of  domestic  animals),  sold,  offered,  or 
exposed  for  sale,  within  this  State,  shall  be  accompanied  by  a  plainly  printed  label, 
stating  the  name,  brand,  and  trade  mark,  if  any  there  be,  under  which  the  fertilizer  is 
sold,  the  name  and  address  of  the  manufacturer,  importer,  or  dealer,  the  place  of  manu- 
facture, and  a  chemical  analysis,  stating  the  percentages  claimed  to  be  therein ;  of 
nitrogen,  specifying  the  form  or  forms  in  which  it  is  present;  of  phosphoric  acid,  avail- 
able and  insoluble ;  and  of  potash,  soluble  in  distilled  water,  and  the  materials  from 
which  all  of  said  constituents  are  derived.  All  analyses  are  to  be  made  according  to 
the  methods  agreed  upon  by  the  American  Association  of  Official  Agricultural  Chemists. 
In  the  case  of  those  fertilizers,  the  selling  price  of  which  is  less  than  eight  dollars  ($8) 
per  ton,  said  label  need  only  give  a  correct  general  statement  of  the  nature  and  com- 
position of  the  fertilizer  it  accompanies. 

Sec.  2.  No  person  shall  sell,  offer,  or  expose  for  sale  in  this  State,  any  pulverized 
leather,  hair,  ground  hoofs,  horns,  or  wool  waste,  raw,  steamed,  roasted,  or  in  any 
form  as  a  fertilizer,  or  as  an  ingredient  of  a  fertilizer  or  manure,  without  an  explicit 
statement  of  the  fact;  said  statement  to  be  conspicuously  affixed  to  every  package  of 
such  fertilizer  or  manure,  and  to  accompany  and  go  with  every  lot,  parcel,  or  package 
of  the  same. 

Sec  3.  The  manufacturer,  importer,  agent  of,  or  dealer  in  any  commercial  fertilizers, 
or  materials  used  for  manurial  purposes,  the  selling  price  of  which  to  the  consumer  is 
eight  ($8)  dollars  or  more  per  ton,  shall,  before  the  same  is  offered  for  sale,  obtain  a  cer- 
tificate of  registration  from  the  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Regents  of  the  University  of 
California,  countersigned  by  the  Director  of  the  Agricultural  Experiment  Station  of  the 
said  University,  authorizing  the  sale  of  fertilizers  in  this  State,  and  shall  securely  fix  to 
each  lot,  parcel  or  package  of  fertilizer  the  word  "  registered  "  with  the  number  of  reg- 
istry. The  manufacturer,  importer,  agent,  or  dealer,  obtaining  such  registry,  shall  pay 
to  the  said  Secretary  the  sum  of  fifty  ($50)  dollars,  to  be  applied  as  provided  in  section 
nine  of  this  act;  such  registration  shall  expire  on  the  thirtieth  day  of  June  of  the  fiscal 
year  for  which  it  was  given  ;  provided,  the  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  apply  to 
any  agent  whose  principals  shall  have  obtained  a  certificate  of  registration  as  herein 


4  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA — EXPERIMENT   STATION. 

provided.  Every  such  manufacturer,  importer,  agent,  or  dealer,  who  makes  or  sells,  or 
offers  for  sale,  any  such  substances,  under  a  name  or  brand,  shall  file,  on  or  before  the 
first  day  of  July,  in  each  year,  a  statement,  under  oath,  with  said  Director,  stating  such 
name  or  brand,  and  stating  the  component  parts  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of 
section  one  of  this  act,  of  the  substances  to  be  sold,  or  offered  for  sale,  or  manufactured 
under  each  such  name  or  brand. 

Sec.  4.  The  said  Director  shall  annually,  on  or  before  the  first  day  of  September, 
take  samples  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  section  five  hereof  of  the  substance 
made,  sold,  or  offered  for  sale,  under  every  such  name  or  brand,  and  cause  analyses  to 
be  made  thereof  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  section  one  hereof,  and  said 
analyses  may  include  such  other  determinations  as  said  Director  may  at  any  time  deem 
advisable.  Dealers  in,  or  manufacturers  of  fertilizers,  must  give  free  access  to  the 
Director  of  the  Agricultural  Experiment  Station,  or  his  duly  authorized  deputy,  to  all 
the  materials  which  they  may  place  on  the  market  for  sale  in  California.  Whenever 
the  analysis  certified  by  the  said  Director  shall  show  a  deficiency  of  not  more  than  one 
fourth  of  one  per  cent  of  nitrogen,  or  one  per  cent  of  soluble  or  available  phosphoric 
acid,  or  one  half  of  one  per  cent  of  potash  soluble  in  distilled  water,  the  statement  of  the 
manufacturer  or  importer,  as  required  in  section  one  of  this  act,  shall  not  be  deemed  to 
be  false  in  the  meaning  of  this  act;  provided,  that  this  act  shall  not  apply  to  sales  of  fer- 
tilizing materials  made  to  a  registered  manufacturer  of  fertilizers,  or  to  sales  for  export 
outside  of  this  State ;  provided  further,  that  the  said  Director  of  the  Agricultural  Experi- 
ment Station  of  the  University  of  California  shall,  upon  the  receipt  of  a  sample  of  fer- 
tilizer, accompanied  with  a  nominal  fee  of  two  ($2)  dollars,  furnish  to  the  user  of  said 
commercial  fertilizer,  such  examination  or  analysis  of  the  sample  as  will  substantially 
establish  the  conformity  or  non-conformity  of  the  said  fertilizer  to  the  guarantee  under 
which  it  was  sold. 

Sec.  5.  The  Director  of  the  Agricultural  Experiment  Station  of  the  University  of  Cali- 
fornia, in  person  or  by  deputy,  is  hereby  authorized  to  take  a  sample  not  exceeding  two 
pounds  in  weight  for  analysis  by  the  said  Director,  or  his  deputies,  from  any  lot,  parcel, 
or  package  of  fertilizer,  or  material,  or  mixture  of  materials  used  for  manurial  purposes, 
which  may  be  in  the  possession  of  any  manufacturer,  importer,  agent,  or  dealer,  but 
said  sample  shall  be  drawn  in  the  presence  of  said  party  or  parties  in  interest,  or  their 
representatives.  In  lots  of  five  tons  or  less,  samples  shall  be  drawn  from  at  least  ten 
packages,  or,  if  less  than  ten  packages  are  present,  all  shall  be  sampled;  in  lots  of 
over  five  tons,  not  less  than  twenty  packages  shall  be  sampled.  The  samples  so 
drawn  shall  be  thoroughly  mixed,  and  from  it  two  equal  samples  shall  be  drawn  and 
placed  in  glass  vessels,  carefully  sealed,  and  a  label  placed  on  each,  stating  the  name  or 
brand  of  the  fertilizer  or  material  sampled,  the  name  of  the  party  from  whose  stock  the 
sample  was  drawn,  and  the  time  and  place  of  drawing;  and  said  label  shall  also  be 
signed  by  the  said  Director  or  his  deputy  making  such  inspection,  and  by  the  party  or 
parties  in  interest,  or  their  representatives  present  at  the  drawing  and  sealing  of  said 
samples.  One  of  said  duplicate  samples  shall  be  retained  by  the  party  whose  stock  was 
sampled,  and  the  other  by  the  Director  of  the  Agricultural  Experiment  Station  of  the 
University  of  California. 

Sec  6.  The  Director  of  the  Agricultural  Experiment  Station  of  the  University  of 
California  shall  publish  in  bulletin  form,  from  time  to  time,  at  least  annually,  the 
results  of  the  analysis  hereinbefore  provided,  with  such  additional  information  as  cir- 
cumstances may  advise. 

Sec.  7.  There  is  hereby  appropriated  for  the  use  of  the  Agricultural  Experiment 
Station  of  the  University  of  California  at  Berkeley,  Alameda  County,  as  set  forth  in 
this  act,  out  of  any  moneys  in  the  treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  the  sum  of 
eighteen  hundred  ($1,800)  dollars  for  the  equipment  of  a  laboratory,  with  the  chemicals 
and  apparatus,  and  other  incidentals  necessary  to  the  successful  prosecution  of  the  work. 

Sec.  8.  In  order  to  further  provide  for  the  necessary  expenses  of  this  work,  there 
shall  be  paid  by  the  manufacturer,  importer,  agent,  or  dealer,  twenty-five  cents  for  every 
ton  of  fertilizer  sold,  the  selling  price  of  which  to  the  consumer  is  eight  ($8)  dollars  or 
more  per  ton.  A  statement  sworn  to  by  the  manufacturer,  importer,  agent,  or  dealer, 
of  such  sales,  shall  be  rendered  quarterly  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Regents  of 


COMMERCIAL    FERTILIZERS.  5 

the  University  of  California,  accompanied  by  the  corresponding  amount  of  the  special 
license  fee  as  above  specified ;  provided,  that  whenever  the  manufacturer  or  importer 
shall  have  paid  the  special  license  fee  herein  required,  for  any  person  acting  as  agent 
or  seller  for  such  manufacturer  or  importer,  such  agent  or  seller  shall  not  be  required  to 
pay  the  special  license  fee  named  in  this  section.  On  receipt  of  said  special  license  fee 
and  statement,  the  said  Secretary  shall  issue  to  the  manufacturer,  importer,  agent,  or 
dealer,  a  certificate  of  compliance  with  this  section. 

Sec  9.  All  moneys,  whether  received  from  registry  and  analytical  fees  or  special 
license  fees,  shall  be  paid  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Regents  of  the  University  of 
California,  for  the  use  of  said  board  in  carrying  out  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

Sec.  10.  Any  party  selling,  offering,  or  exposing  for  sale,  any  commercial  fertilizer 
without  the  statement  required  by  section  one  of  this  act,  or  with  a  label  stating  that 
said  fertilizer  contains  a  larger  percentage  of  any  one  or  more  of  the  constituents  men- 
tioned in  said  section  than  is  actually  contained  therein,  except  as  provided  for  in 
section  four,  or  respecting  the  sale  of  which  all  the  provisions  of  this  act  have  not  been 
fully  complied  with,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction 
thereof  before  any  court  of  competent  jurisdiction,  shall  be  fined  in  a  sum  not  less  than 
fifty  ($50)  dollars  and  costs  of  action  for  the  first  offense,  and  one  hundred  ($100)  dollars 
and  costs  of  the  action  for  each  subsequent  offense.  Said  fines  to  be  paid  into  the 
school  fund  of  the  county  in  which  conviction  is  had. 

Sec.  11.  In  any  action,  civil  or  criminal,  in  any  court  in  this  State,  a  certificate 
under  the  hand  of  said  Director,  and  the  seal  of  said  University,  stating  the  results  of 
any  analysis,  purporting  to  have  been  made  under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  shall  be 
prima  facie  evidence  of  the  fact  that  the  sample  or  samples  mentioned  in  said  analysis 
or  certificate  were  properly  analyzed  as  in  this  act  provided ;  that  such  samples  were 
taken  as  in  this  act  provided ;  that  the  substances  analyzed  contained  the  component 
parts  stated  in  such  certificate  and  analysis ;  and  that  the  samples  were  taken  from  the 
parcels  or  packages  or  lots  mentioned  or  described  in  said  certificate. 

Sec  12.  This  act  shall  take  effect  and  be  in  force  from  and  after  July  first,  nineteen 
hundred  and  three. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  dealers  and  manufacturers  who  registered 
for  the  year  ending  June  30,  1904,  together  with  the  names  or  brands 
of  the  fertilizers  and  the  fertilizing  materials  which  they  offered  for 
sale.  The  star  (*)  preceding  a  brand  signifies  that  the  fertilizer 
inspector  was  unable  to  find  a  sample  on  the  market: 

Agricultural  Chemical  Works,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  8. 

*The  Woodbridge  Apricot.  The  Woodbridge  Orange  and  Lemon  for 

Bat  Guano.  Heavy  Soil. 

The  Woodbridge  Berry.  The  Woodbridge  Orange  and  Lemon  for 
*Bird  Guano.  Light  Soil. 

*Blood  Meal.  The  Woodbridge  Orange  and  Lemon  for 
*Fine  Ground  Bone.  Non-fruiting  Trees. 

*The  Woodbridge  Grape.  The  Woodbridge  Peach. 

The  Woodbridge  Lawn.  *The  Woodbridge  Potato. 

*The  Woodbridge  Lemon  No.  1.  *The  Woodbridge  Prune. 

^Muriate  of  Potash.  *The  Woodbridge  Rose. 

Nitrate  of  Soda.  *Sulphate  of  Potash. 

*The  Woodbridge  Nursery.  Superphosphate. 

*The  Woodbridge  Olive.  Tankage. 

The    Woodbridge  Orange   and    Lemon      *The  Woodbridge  Vegetable. 

No.  1.  *The  Woodbridge  Walnut  and  Almond. 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION. 


American  Agricultural  Chemical  Co.,  California  Works,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  1. 


*Acid  Phosphate. 

Bradley's  California  Vegetable. 
*Coarse  Raw  Bone. 

Bradley's  Fruit  and  Vine. 

Bradley's  Special  Fruit  and  Vine. 
*Bradley's  Walnut. 


Bradley's  Lawn. 
♦Nitrate  of  Soda. 

Bradley's  Nursery  Stock. 

Bradley's  Orange  and  Lemon. 
♦Sulphate  of  Potash. 


The  Armour  Fertilizer  Works,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  7. 


Armour's  Bone,  Blood  and  Potash. 
Armour's  Bone  Meal. 
Armour's  Acidulated  Bone  Meal. 
♦Armour's  Concentrated  Superphosphate. 
Dried  Blood. 
Armour's  Fruit  Special. 


Armour's  Fruit  and  Vine  Fertilizer. 

Armour's  Lawn  and  Garden  Fertilizer. 

Nitrate  of  Soda. 

Armour's  Orange  Tree  Manure. 
♦Sulphate  of  Potash. 
*Tankage. 


'Muriate  of  Potash. 
Nitrate  of  Soda. 


Balfour,  Guthrie  &  Co.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  10. 

Sulphate  of  Potash. 
Thomas  Phosphate  Powder. 


*Bone  Meal. 

Citrus  Special  A. 
*Citrus  Special  B. 
♦Lemon. 
♦Meat  Meal. 


T.  A.  Blakely,  San  Bernardino,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  15. 


♦Muriate  of  Potash. 
♦Nitrate  of  Soda. 
♦Sulphate  of  Potash. 
♦Treated  Bone  and  Potash. 


California  Fertilizer  Works,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  3. 


*Acid  Phosphate. 

♦Blood. 

♦Fish  Guano. 

Fruit  and  Vine. 
♦Special  Fruit  and  Vine. 

Fruit,  Orange  and  Vine. 

High  Grade  Ammoniated  Bone  Super- 
phosphate. 
*High  Grade  Bone  Meal. 
*Lemon  Tree  (A). 
♦Lemon  Tree  (M). 
♦Muriate  of  Potash. 
♦Nitrate  of  Soda. 

Nursery  Stock. 


Odorless  Lawn  Dressing. 
♦Orange  Tree. 
♦Orange  Tree  (B). 
♦Orange  Tree  (C). 
♦Orange  Tree  (E). 
♦Orange  Tree  (0). 

Special  Orange  Tree. 

Peach. 
♦Sulphate  of  Ammonia. 
♦Sulphate  of  Potash. 
♦Tankage. 
♦Thomas  Phosphate  Powder. 

Truck  and  Berry. 


Cudahy  Packing  Co.,  South,  Omaha,  Neb. 
Registration   No.   16. 


*Cudahy's  Regular  Blood  and  Bone. 


Hardy's  Tankage. 


COMMERCIAL   FERTILIZERS. 

Charles  S.  Hardy,  San  Diego,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  17. 


Hawaiian  Fertilizer  Co.,  Ltd.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  19. 


*(A).  *Sulphate  of  Potash. 

*Nitrate  of  Soda.  *Thomas  Phosphate  Powder. 


Thomas  Lewis,  Sacramento,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  18. 


The  Lewis  Fertilizer. 


The  Maier  Fertilizer  Co.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  6. 

AA  (Two  formulas  under  the  same  name). 
T  (Two  formulas  under  the  same  name). 

Mapes  Formula  and  Peruvian  Guano  Co.,  New  York. 
Registration  No.  12. 

Mapes  Fruit  and  Vine  Manure.  Mapes  Orange  Tree  Manure. 

*Mapes  Vegetable  Manure. 

Mohr  &  Yoerk  Packing  Co.,  Sacramento,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  21. 

*Tankage,  Slaughter  House  Refuse  and  Bones. 


S.  M.  Neely,  San  Diego,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  20. 


Bird  Guano. 


N.  Ohlandt  &  Co.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  4. 

*Bone  Meal.  *Ohlandt's  Lawn  Dressing. 

*Dissolved  Bone  Meal.  *Orange  and  Lemon  (N). 

*Double  Manure  Salt.  *Orange  and  Lemon  (NN). 
*Double  Superphosphate.  Peach,  Almond  and  Prune  (0). 

*Dried  Blood.  *Sulphate  of  Ammonia. 

Grape  Fertilizer  (00).  Sulphate  of  Potash. 

Kainit.  Superphosphate. 

*Muriate  of  Potash.  Thomas  Phosphate  Powder. 

Nitrate  of  Soda.  Vegetable  Grower  (000). 

Pacific  Bone,  Coal  and  Fertilizing  Co.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  14. 

*AA.  *Muriate  of  Potash. 

*  Acidulated  Bone  Meal.  *Nitrate  of  Soda. 
*B.  Pure  Bone  Meal. 

*C.  *Sulphate  of  Potash. 

*Double  Superphosphate.  *Thomas  Phosphate  Powder. 
EE. 


*S\vift's  Diamond 

"A" 

Fertilizer. 

*Swift's  Diamond  ' 

<B" 

Fertilizer. 

*Swift's  Diamond  ' 

'C" 

Fertilizer. 

Swift's  Diamond  ' 

<D" 

Fertilizer. 

Swift's  Diamond  ' 

«E" 

Fertilizer. 

5  UNIVERSITY    OF   CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT   STATION. 

Southern  California  Fertilizer  Co.,  Ontario,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  13. 

*Animal  Tankage.  Orange. 

*Double  Superphosphate.  Orange  Special. 

*Fruit  and  Vine.  Orange  and  Lemon. 

*Ground  Dried  Blood.  *Root  and  Tuber  Special. 

*Ground  Steamed  Bone.  *Sulphate  of  Potash. 

Lawn  and  Nursery.  ^Superphosphate. 
*Nitrate  of  Soda. 

Swift  &  Co.,  Chicago,  III. 
Registration  No.  5. 

Swift's  Diamond  "G"  Fertilizer. 

Swift's  Ground  Dried  Blood. 
*Swift's  Special  Bone  Meal. 
*Swift's  Special  Acidulated  Bone  Meal. 


Union  Fertilizer  Co.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  9. 

Blood.  *Nursery. 

Bone  Meal.  Orange  and  Lemon. 

*Double  Superphosphate.  ^Sulphate  of  Potash. 

Fruiting.  *Tankage. 
*Nitrate  of  Soda. 

West  Coast  Fertilizer  Works,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
Registration  No  2. 

*Blood.  Special. 

*Dissolved  Bone  Phosphate.  No.  3. 

Double  Superphosphate.  Standard. 

*Lawn.  *Sulphate  of  Potash. 

*Nitrate  of  Soda.  *Tankage. 


Western  Meat  Co.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
Registration  No.  11. 

W.  M.  Co.  Bone  Meal.  W.  M.  Co.  Tankage. 

It  will  be  seen  from  the  foregoing  list  that  21  companies  have  regis- 
tered 176  brands  of  fertilizers  and  fertilizing  materials,  which  may  be 
classified  as  follows: 

Complete  fertilizers 82 

Bone  meal  and  tankage 30 

Dried  blood 8 

Fish  and  meat  meal 2 

Nitrate  of  soda  and  ammonium  sulphate 14 

Potash  salts 20 

Superphosphates 12 

Thomas  Phosphate  Powder 5 

Bird  and  bat  guanos 3 

Total 176 


COMMERCIAL    FERTILIZERS.  \) 

As  required  by  Section  4  of  the  law,  an  inspection  was  made  before 
September  1st  (in  August),  which  resulted  in  the  collection  of  70  sam- 
ples. Eleven  of  these  samples  were  not  analyzed,  some  being  materials 
to  which  the  law  did  not  apply,  and  others  having  been  taken  from  old 
goods  which  the  manufacturers  agreed  to  ship  back  to  the  factory. 

About  three  fourths  of  these  samples  were  taken  from  remnants  of 
goods  that  were  put  on  the  market  before  the  law  went  into  effect,  and 
it  was  not  thought  worth  while  to  issue  a  separate  bulletin  giving  the 
analyses  of  these  samples;  but  they  are  included  in  this  report  for 
comparison  with  goods  that  were  put  on  the  market  after  the  law  went 
into  effect. 

Another  inspection,  covering  nearly  the  whole  of  the  State,  was  made 
during  the  latter  part  of  December  and  in  January  and  February. 
This  inspection  resulted  in  the  collection  of  47  samples.  Two  of  these 
samples  were  not  analyzed,  one  being  an  unnecessary  duplicate,  and 
one  a  sample  taken  from  only  one  bag,  and  hence  not  considered  a 
fair  sample.  The  small  number  of  samples  found  on  these  two  in- 
spections is  due  to  small  sales  of  fertilizers  caused  by  the  prolonged 
drought  in  the  southern  part  of  the  State,  and  to  the  poor  prices  of 
oranges. 

In  addition  to  the  samples  collected  by  the  inspectors,  13  samples  of 
registered  materials  were  sent  in  by  farmers.  The  total  number  of 
analyses  of  registered  materials  was  117,  representing  82  brands  and 
special  formulas. 

Three  samples  of  miscellaneous  fertilizing  materials,  not  covered  by 
the  law,  were  analyzed,  and  these  results  are  also  reported. 


ANALYSES    FOR   CONSUMERS. 

Any  user  of  fertilizers  may,  by  paying  the  fee  specified  by  Section  4 
of  the  fertilizer  law,  have  a  sample  of  his  material  analyzed.  This  fee 
does  not  begin  to  pay  the  cost  of  the  analysis,  but  the  nominal  charge 
is  made  to  prevent  the  sending  of  samples  through  idle  curiosity,  as  is 
always  the  case  when  analyses  are  made  free  of  charge. 

The  sample  should  be  drawn  from  the  amount  of  fertilizer,  and  in 
the  manner  prescribed  by  Section  5  of  the  law,  and  whenever  possible 
it  should  be  drawn  in  the  presence  of  the  agent,  who  should  sign,  as  a 
witness,  the  certificate  given  below.  If  the  sample  is  not  drawn  in  the 
presence  of  the  agent,  it  should  be  done  in  the  presence  of  some  other 
person,  who  should  sign  the  certificate  as  a  witness.  Special  care  should 
be  exercised  to  thoroughly  mix  the  large  sample  before  drawing  the 
small  sample  to  send  to  the  Station.  This  is  absolutely  necessary  to 
obtain  a  trustworthy  result.  A  sample  filling  a  quart  fruit  jar  is  about 
the  proper  amount  to  send.     Consumers'  samples  will  be  given  prefer- 


10  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION. 

ence  and  the  results  reported  as  soon  as  possible.  The  sample  should 
be  sent  in  time  to  receive  the  report  before  the  fertilizer  is  used,  or  else 
the  bags  from  which  the  sample  is  taken  should  be  reserved  until  the 
report  is  received,  so  that  in  case  of  controversy  with  the  manufacturer 
an  official  sample  may  be  drawn. 

The  form  of  certificate  given  below  should  be  used  in  sending  a  sam- 
ple for  analysis.  Blank  forms  will  be  furnished  upon  application. 
When  more  than  one  sample  is  sent,  they  should  be  marked  in  some 
way  so  that  they  may  be  identified.  The  samples  should  be  sent  pre- 
paid, addressed  to  the  Fertilizer  Control,  Experiment  Station,  Berkeley, 
and  should  bear  the  name  and  address  of  the  sender.  Bank  checks  and 
money  orders  should  be  made  payable  to  "The  Regents  of  the  Uni- 
versity of  California."  Letters,  certificates  and  remittances  should  not 
be  enclosed  with  the  samples,  but  mailed  separately.  When  the  report 
is  received,  a  tag  or  label  taken  from  one  of  the  bags  sampled  should 
at  once  be  sent  and  the  name  and  address  of  the  agent  from  whom  the 
goods  were  purchased  should  be  given.  Analyses  will  be  made  only  for 
those  who  purchase  fertilizers  for  their  own  use. 


CERTIFICATE    FOR     CONSUMER  S     ANALYSIS. 

E.  W.  Hilgard,  Director, 

Berkeley,  Calif. 

This  is  to  certify  that  I  am  not  a  dealer  in,  or  agent  for  the  sale  of 
any  fertilizer,  and  that  the  fertilizer,  a  sample  of  which  I  have  sent  you 

for  analysis,  was  purchased  by  me ,  190.  _ ,  for  my  own  use 

and  not  for  sale. 

I  further  certify  that  the   amount  purchased  was tons,  and 

that  the  sample  was  drawn  from packages  and  was  thoroughly 

mixed. 

Upon  receipt  of  the  analysis  from  you,  I  agree  to  furnish  you  with  a 
tag  or  label  taken  from  one  of  the  packages  sampled,  and  the  name  and 
address  of  the  firm  or  agent  of  whom  the  fertilizer  was  purchased.  I 
enclose  two  dollars  analysis  fee. 


(Signature:) 

(P.  0.  Address:) 


(Signature  of  Witness:) 


190 


COMMERCIAL  "FERTILIZERS.  11 


EXPLANATION    OF    TERMS. 


Phosphoric  Acid. — The  phosphoric  acid  used  in  fertilizers  comes 
almost  wholly  from  bone  and  phosphate  rock.  In  bone  the  phosphoric 
acid  is  in  combination  with  three  parts*  of  lime,  and  it  is  chiefly  in 
this  form  in  phosphate  rock.  In  most  cases  the  bone  and  phosphate 
rock  used  have  been  acidulated  (by  means  of  sulfuric  acid),  giving  rise  to 
the  product  called  superphosphate.  The  phosphoric  acid  in  this  product 
is  found  in  three  forms,  namely,  mono-calcium  phosphate,  in  which  the 
phosphoric  acid  is  in  combination  with  one  part  of  lime;  di-calcium 
phosphate  (the  so-called  reverted  phosphoric  acid),  in  which  the 
phosphoric  acid  is  in  combination  with  two  parts  of  lime;  and  finally,  a 
small  percentage  of  the  original  material  not  affected  by  acidulation 
remains  in  the  form  of  tri-calcium  phosphate.  Mono-calcium  phosphate 
is  soluble  in  water,  and  the  di-calcium  phosphate  is  soluble  in  a  neutral 
solution  of  ammonium  citrate.  These  forms  are  rated  as  available 
phosphoric  acid.  But  the  term  "  available  "  is  not  limited  to  these  forms. 
It  signifies  all  phosphates  soluble  in  water  and  ammonium  citrate. 
Raw  bone  is  to  some  extent  soluble  in  ammonium  citrate,  and  steamed 
bone  more  so.  The  more  finely  the  bone  is  ground  the  greater  its  solu- 
bility. In  a  mixed  fertilizer,  such  a  part  of  the  insoluble  phosphoric 
acid  as  is  from  bone  is  as  valuable  as  if  it  were  in  bone  meal  of  the  same 
degree  of  fineness. 

Any  soluble  phosphates  that  are  applied  to  the  soil  become,  in  a 
short  time,  insoluble  again  by  combining  with  lime  and  other  elements 
of  the  soil.  The  question  arises  then,  What  is  the  use  of  applying 
soluble  phosphates  in  the  first  place?  When  soluble  phosphates  are 
applied,  they  are  carried  in  solution  and  evenly  distributed  in  the  soil 
and  fixed  in  very  minute  particles.  The  availability  of  phosphates 
depends  to  a  large  extent  upon  their  fineness.  If  bone  and  phosphate 
rock  could  be  reduced  to  particles  as  minute  as  those  that  result  from 
the  fixation  of  soluble  phosphates,  and  if  this  fine  powder  could  be  as 
evenly  distributed,  then  it  would  perhaps  not  be  worth  while  to  render 
phosphates  soluble. 

Phosphoric  acid  in  bonef  meal  becomes  slowly  available  in  the 
process  of  decay  of  the  bone.  As  has  already  been  suggested,  steamed 
bone  is  more  available  than  raw  bone,  and  the  degree  of  availability  is 
influenced  by  the  fineness  of  the  bone. 

Thomas  Phosphate  Powderf  is  another  form  of  phosphate  used  to  a 
considerable  extent  in  this  State.  It  is  a  by-product  of  the  Bessemer 
process  of  refining  steel,  and  is  peculiar  in  that  the  phosphoric  acid  is  in 


*Chemical  molecules. 

fAvailable  phosphoric  acid  is  not  determined  in  bone,  tankage,  and  Thomas  Phos- 
phate Powder,  but  the  degree  of  fineness  of  these  materials  is  determined,  as  indicated 
further  on. 


12  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION. 

combination  with  four  parts  of  lime.  There  is  also  some  caustic  lime 
in  the  material.  It  usually  contains  from  16  to  20  per  cent  of  phos- 
phoric acid.  Its  availability  is  a  somewhat  mooted  question  in  this 
State,  although  it  is  no  longer  a  question  in  Europe,  where  tens  of 
thousands  of  tons  are  used  annually.  It  possesses  the  advantage  that 
it  can  be  reduced  to  a  very  fine  powder.  The  proper  way  to  settle  the 
question  of  its  availability  is  for  each  farmer  to  test  it  on  his  particular 
soil  by  comparing  its  effect  with  that  of  a  superphosphate  containing 
the  same  amount  of  phosphoric  acid.  The  results  produced  and  the 
cost  of  the  materials  should  settle  the  matter. 

The  percentage  of  phosphoric  acid  expressed  in  fertilizer  analysis 
signifies  the  amount  of  phosphorus  pentoxid  (P2O5)  present. 

Potash. — The  percentage  of  potash,  as  used  in  fertilizer  analysis,  des- 
ignates the  equivalent  of  potassium  oxid  (K20)  present.  It  is  some- 
times called  "  actual  potash."  Potash  is  not  present  in  fertilizers  as 
such,  but  almost  wholly  as  the  salts  potassium  sulfate  and  potassium 
chlorid  ("muriate  of  potash").  In  wood  ashes  it  is  in  the  form  of 
potassium  carbonate.  Potash  (K20)  may  be  considered  to  exist  in  the 
sulfate  (K2SO4)  and  in  the  carbonate  (K2C03),  but  not  in  the  chlorid 
(KC1).  All  these  salts  are  soluble  in  water  and  equally  available,  but 
when  applied  to  the  soil,  the  potash  becomes  fixed.  Potassium  chlorid 
is  not  considered  as  valuable  as  the  sulfate  or  carbonate,  for  the  reason 
that  chlorin  is  injurious  to  some  crops.  The  fixation  of  the  potash 
liberates  the  chlorin,  which  in  turn  unites  with  elements  of  the  soil  and 
again  forms  soluble  chlorids  (of  calcium  and  magnesium).  Thus  the 
chlorin  is  still  in  a  form  injurious  to  plants.  When  chlorin  is  present 
in  other  materials  used  in  the  fertilizer,  its  effect  is  the  same;  so  it 
becomes  quite  necessary  for  the  manufacturer  to  select  materials  as  free 
as  possible  from  chlorin. 

But  in  this  State  there  is  another  reason  for  guarding  against  the  use 
of  fertilizers  containing  an  appreciable  amount  of  chlorin,  and  that  is 
that  the  soil  is  frequently  heavily  charged  with  alkali  salts,  about  half 
of  which  are  chlorids,  and  nowhere  contains  less  than  about  ten  times 
as  much  as  soils  in  the  East. 

In  the  report  of  analyses,  the  percentage  of  chlorin  is  given  when  it 
exceeds  0.50  per  cent;  and  when  there  is  an  amount  present  sufficient 
to  combine  with  half  or  more  of  the  potash,  the  potash  is  rated  as 
derived  from  potassium  chlorid  (muriate)  to  the  extent  of  the  combin- 
ing equivalent  of  the  chlorin,  whether  it  is  in  actual  combination  or 
not.  This  allowance  is  really  too  liberal,  and  may  seem  to  open  the 
way  for  the  dishonest  manufacturer  to  mix  muriate  with  his  sulfate; 
but  it  is  assumed  that  the  manufacturers  are  honest,  and  that  when 
sulfate  is  claimed,  sulfate  has  been  used,  and  that  any  chlorin  present 


COMMERCIAL    FERTILIZERS.  13 

is  from  some  other  materials  used.  The  microscope  will,  however,  show 
whether  or  not  fraud  was  attempted.  Goods  may  be  made  practically 
free  from  chlorin,  as  will  be  seen  by  referring  to  the  table  of  analyses. 

Nitrogen. — Nitrogen  is  by  far  the  most  expensive  ingredient  in  a  fer- 
tilizer, and  the  most  difficult  to  use  properly.  Phosphoric  acid  and 
potash  become  fixed  in  the  soil,  but  this  is  not  always  so  with  nitrogen. 
There  is  always  the  danger  of  loss  by  leaching  whenever  nitrates  are 
present.  Unlike  nitrates,  ammonia  is  quite  tenaciously  retained  by 
soils,  very  much  as  is  potash,  but  gradually  nitrifies,  and  then  of  course 
becomes  subject  to  leaching  out. 

Nitrogen  occurs  in  fertilizers  in  three  forms,  namely,  in  nitrates,  in 
ammonia  salts,  and  as  organic  nitrogen.  Nitric  nitrogen  is  derived 
almost  exclusively  from  nitrate  of  soda  (Chile  saltpeter).  This  salt  is 
soluble  in  water,  and  is  at  once  available.  Ammonium  sulfate  is  the 
chief  source  of  nitrogen  in  ammonia  salts.  This  is  also  soluble  in 
water,  but  not  quite  so  widely  available  as  nitrate  of  soda.  It  is  not 
extensively  used  at  present,  on  account  of  its  high  price.  Some  fertil- 
izers contain  a  small  percentage  of  nitrates  and  ammonia  salts  pro- 
duced by  conversion  of  organic  nitrogen.  Guanos  contain  both  nitrates 
and  ammonia  salts  produced  in  this  way. 

Organic  nitrogen  is  found  in  almost  every  form  of  animal  and  plant 
growth,  and  varying  in  availability  from  that  found  in  meat  and  blood, 
for  example,  to  that  found  in  leather,  which  is  practically  worthless. 
The  chief  sources  of  organic  nitrogen  in  fertilizers  are  dried  blood, 
tankage,  bone,  and  fish  scrap.  Hair,  hide,  wool  waste,  leather,  hoof, 
and  horn  are  rich  in  nitrogen,  but  of  low  availability,  and  their  use  in 
fertilizers  is  forbidden  by  law,  except  with  the  explicit  statement  of  the 
fact  attached  to  every  bag  containing  such  materials. 

Since  nitrogen  is  such  an  expensive  ingredient,  and  since  California 
soils  are  so  generally  deficient  in  it,  the  greatest  care  and  judgment 
should  be  used  in  the  purchase  of  fertilizers  containing  it.  The  farmer 
should  not  only  know  how  much  nitrogen  is  present,  and  the  materials 
from  which  it  is  derived,  but  he  should  know  how  much  is  present 
in  each  form,  that  is,  how  much  each  of  nitric,  ammoniacal,  and 
organic  nitrogen.  If,  for  example,  a  fertilizer  containing  a  large  per- 
centage of  nitrogen  in  nitrate  of  soda  should  be  applied  to  a  sandy 
soil  just  before  the  rainy  season  begins,  the  nitrogen  would  be  lost  by 
leaching  before  the  plant  could  use  much  of  it.  On  the  other  hand,  a 
fertilizer  may  be  desired  containing  the  nitrogen  in  this  form  in  order 
to  produce  a  quick  growth  in  certain  crops.  Again,  a  fertilizer  may  be 
desired  with  just  enough  sodium  nitrate  in  it  to  give  the  crop  a  start, 
and  with  the  remainder  of  the  nitrogen  in  organic  or  ammoniacal  form 
which  will  become  gradually  available  through  a  longer  period  of  time. 
All  these  conditions  make  it  necessary  that  the  farmer  know  what  he 


14  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION. 

is  purchasing,  and  the  farmer  should  require  an  explicit  statement  of 
the  amount  of  each  form  in  the  fertilizer. 

VALUATION  OF  FERTILIZERS. 

The  "agricultural  value  "  and  the  "commercial  value"  of  fertilizing 
materials  are  not  synonymous  terms.  The  agricultural  value  of  a  fer- 
tilizer is  measured  by  the  value  of  the  increase  in  crop  produced  by  its 
use.  Nitrate  of  soda,  one  of  the  cheapest  forms  of  nitrogen,  produces 
on  many  crops,  under  proper  conditions,  a  more  profitable  increase  than 
the  slower-acting  forms;  while  on  other  crops,  slower-acting  and  more 
expensive  forms  produce  a  more  profitable  increase.  The  commercial 
value  is,  of  course,  to  some  extent  regulated  by  the  agricultural  value. 

In  calculating  the  values  given  in  this  report,  the  Station  does  not 
undertake  to  say  what  the  retail  prices  of  fertilizers  should  be  in  this 
State.  The  schedule  of  values  used  was  adopted  November  1, 1903,  and 
represents,  as  nearly  as  could  be  determined  at  the  time,  the  retail 
values,  at  centers  of  distribution  like  San  Francisco,  of  phosphoric  acid, 
nitrogen,  and  potash  in  raw  materials  of  good  quality.  The  values 
given  for  mixed  goods  do  not  take  into  account  the  cost  of  grinding, 
mixing,  drayage,  insurance,  agent's  commission,  and  other  expenses  of 
the  manufacturer. 

The  following  is  the  schedule  of  values  used  for  calculating  the 
values  given  in  this  report  : 

Phosphoric  Acid. 

Cents  per  Pound. 

Available  (soluble  and  reverted) 6 

Insoluble  in  mixed  fertilizers 2 

In  fine*  bone  and  tankage 4i 

In  medium*  bone  and  tankage 3^ 

In  fine*  Thomas  Phosphate  Powder 5t 

In  medium*  Thomas  Phosphate  Powder 3t 

Nitrogen. 

In  ammonia  salts 18 

In  nitrates 15| 

Organic  in — 

Blood 17£ 

Fish ,  meat ,  and  mixed  fertilizers 17 

Fine*  bone  and  tankage 16J 

Medium*  bone  and  tankage 12^ 

Potash. 

From  sulphate 6 

From  muriate 5 


*  Fine  and  medium  bone  are  separated  by  a  sieve  with  50  meshes  to  the  inch;  fine 
and  medium  tankage  by  a  25-mesh  sieve;  and  fine  and  medium  Thomas  Phosphate 
Powder  by  a  100-mesh  sieve. 

t  These  values  and  this  separation  are  temporary,  awaiting  the  adoption  of  methods 
by  the  Association  of  Official  Agricultural  Chemists.  The  values  are  based  upon 
European  practice. 


COMMERCIAL    FERTILIZERS.  15 

Organic  nitrogen  in  guanos  is  given  a  value  depending  upon  the 
quality  of  the  guano.  For  example,  a  bird  or  bat  guano  containing  an 
abundance  of  feathers  or  insect  wings  would  be  given  a  low  valuation 
upon  its  organic  nitrogen. 

To  calculate  the  value  of  a  fertilizer,  multiply  the  value  per  pound 
of  an  ingredient  by  the  percentage  of  the  ingredient  present,  then  mul- 
tiply this  result  by  20.  The  sum  of  the  results  for  all  the  ingredients 
is  the  value  per  ton.  The  term  "unit"  often  used  by  fertilizer  dealers 
signifies  20  pounds  of  an  ingredient,  or  1  per  cent  on  the  ton. 

REPORT    OF    ANALYSES. 

The  following  table  gives  the  results  of  all  analyses  made  to  date. 
The  star  (*■)  before  a  sample  indicates  that  it  was  taken  from  goods 
that  were  on  the  market  before  the  law  went  into  effect,  "f"  indicates 
that  the  sample  was  sent  by  a  farmer.  No  goods  were  found  to  contain 
materials  different  from  those  claimed,  except  as  indicated  in  the  table. 

The  following  abbreviations  are  used  to  designate  materials  used  : 
Nit.  =  nitrate  of  soda;  Bl.  =  blood;  Bn.  =  bone;  Am.  Sul.  ==  am- 
monium sulfate;  Bat  G.  =  bat  guano;  Bd.  G.  ==  bird  guano;  Fs.  G.  = 
fish  guano*;  T.  =  tankage. 

Only  those  samples  were  analzyed  for  ammonia-nitrogen  in  which 
this  form  of  nitrogen  was  guaranteed,  or  in  which  some  material  was 
used  which  was  known  to  contain  ammonia  salts.  Several  tests  were 
made  on  mixed  fertilizers  other  than  those  mentioned,  and  the  results 
obtained  did  not  justify  the  time  and  labor  required  to  make  the  tests. 
However,  if  any  samples  on  which  this  test  was  not  made,  contained 
any  ammonia-nitrogen,  it  will  be  included  in  the  nitrate-nitrogen,  and 
it  has  practically  the  same  agricultural  value.  Hereafter,  however,  all 
samples  will  be  analyzed  for  ammonia-nitrogen. 


Fish  scrap. 


16 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION. 


ANALYSES    AND    VALUATIONS. 


p 

C 

O 

P 
O 

3 
c 

Name  and  Address  of  Manufacturer 
and  Name  of  Brand. 

From  Whom  Obtained. 

< 
g 

H 

l-_ 
O 

87 

Agricultural    Chemical    Works, 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

Bat  Guano .       _  .  _.     __ 

A.  M.  Seeley,  Covina  _ 

$35.(52 
22.90 

Guaranteed ______ 

1?0 

The  Woodbridge  Berry .. 

Pioneer  Fruit  Co.,  Newcastle 

23.25 

Guaranteed . 

23.45 

6 

*The  Woodbridge  Lawn __   ___   ___ 

Patterson  &  Scott,  Pomona.. 

20.56 

7 

*               do  _. 

Fletcher,  Doyle  &  Co.,  San  Diego 

23.64 

Guaranteed .   - 

18.75 

8 

*Nitrate  of  Soda  _  _       ___       . _     ______ 

Patterson  &  Scott,  Pomona _ 

49.60 

Guaranteed 

48.05 

11 

The  Woodbridge  Orange  and  Lemon 

No.l 

*               do 

do 

do 

Robert  Gray,  Ontario . 

30.88 

12 
88 
89 

Fletcher,  Doyle  &  Co.,  San  Diego 

A.  M.  Seeley,  Covina 

Manufacturers . 

26.05 
29.27 
30.24 

Guaranteed  ... 

27.20 

9 

The  Woodbridge  Orange  and  Lemon, 
for  heavy  soil 

do -        -        -     . 

G.  A.  Herdeg,  Riverside 

22.43 

9fl 

A.  M.  Seeley,  Covina. 

22.72 

98 

do 

Guaranteed-  ___            _____ 

Manufacturers 

23.71 

22.30 

90 

The  Woodbridge  Orange  and  Lemon, 
for  light  soil 

do 

Manufacturers __ 

24.12 

91 

A.  M.  Seeley,  Covina . 

22.85 

138 

/              do  . 

F.  S.  Haupt,  Redlands  _   _ 

22.64 

Guaranteed 

22.70 

135 

The  Woodbridge  Orange  and  Lemon 
for  non-fruiting  trees  _   ____ 

Fair  Oaks  Fruit  Co. ,  Fair  Oaks 

23.91 

Guaranteed 

22.65 

10 

The  Woodbridge  Orange  and  Lemon, 
special  formula  _    .  •     

G.  A.  Herdeg,  Riverside.. . 

22.52 

Guaranteed - 

21.45 

121 

The  Woodbridge  Orange  and  Lemon 
special  formula    . 

Pioneer  Fruit  Co.,  Newcastle..  ..   .. 

19.09 

Guaranteed     .  

18.05 

116 

/The  Woodbridge  Peach  _ 

Frank  Tupper,  Newcastle .. 

25.56 

118 

do 

Pioneer  Fruit  Co.,  Newcastle. . 

24.57 

Guaranteed            

23.90 

17 

^Superphosphate 

Fletcher,  Doyle  &  Co.,  San  Diego 

22.69 

Guaranteed            .     _   

20.40 

(<4 

Tankage 

Manufacturers 

29.49 

Guaranteed   . 

24.60 

COMMERCIAL    FERTILIZERS. 


17 


ANALYSES    AND  VALUATIONS. 


o 

Pounds  per  Hundred. 

2- 

Phosphoric  Acid. 

Nitrogen. 

Potash. 

a 
o 

3 
a 

■4 

P 

P 
o1 

O 

0 

a; 
CO 

►3 

o 

E 

5' 

■  ? 

o 

>-t 

Of? 

3. 

o 

P 

Guaranteed 

as 

Derived  From. 

CO 

s? 

>-3 

o 

E 

87 

5.51 
4.00 

6.62 
6.00 

4.11 
5.21 
5.00 

0.26 
1.00 

2.17 
2.00 

4.57 

4.08 
5.00 

5.77 
5.00 

8.79 
8.00 

8.68 

9.29 

10.00 

2.65 

2.01 

3.64 

8.30 
5.00 

2.59 
2.50 

3.17 
3.49 
2.50 

0.89 
1.00 

120 

0.59 

2.00 

Nit.VBY.7Bn. " 
N_it","Bl.rBn." 

3.18 
2.50 

4.84 
6.00 

"3.38 

0.92 

6 

7 

0.55 
0.54 

2.62 
2.95 

3.02 

8 

16.00 
15.50 

0.85 
1.15 
1.71 
1.75 

11 
12 

88 
89 

5.15 
4.40 
5.72 
6.58 
5.00 

4.64 
4.41 
6.52 
6.00 

6.47 
5.48 
5.79 
6.00 

7.52 
7.50 

4.54 
6.00 

6.04 
6.00 

7.35 
6.93 
6.00 

18.91 
17.00 

13.331 

4.85 
5.32 
3.96 
2.92 
5.00 

5.87 
5.21 
5.05 
4.00 

3.05 
4.29 
3.47 
2.00 

5.44 
4.50 

8.37 
6.00 

2.39 
2.00 

1.24 
1.29 
2.00 

0.92 
1.10 

2.542 

10.00 
9.72 
9.68 
9.50 

10.00 

10.51 

9.62 

11.57 

10.00 

9.52 
9.77 
9.26 
8.00 

12.96 
12.00 

12  91 
12.00 

8.43 
8.00 

8.59 
8.22 
8.00 

19.83 
18.10 

15.87 
12.00 



3.94 

2.90 
2.94 
2.86 

4.79 
4.05 
4.65 
4.61 
4.00 

3.32 
3.85 
2.98 
3.00 

3.18 
3.12 
3.14 
3.00 

2.92 
2.50 

2.91 
2.50 

2.67 
2.50 

3.19 
3.14 
3.00 

11,  12— Nit.,  BL, 
Bn. 

88,  89— Nit.,  BL, 
Bn.,BatG. 

"3.33 

5.60 
1.57 
4.61 
5.02 
5.00 

3.01 
0.66 
3.32 
3.00 

3.94 
3.59 
3.47 
4.00 

1.28 
3.00 

3.24 
3.00 

1.66 
1.50 

4.73 
4.46 
5.00 

"4.90 

"2.51 

- 



2.88 

1.04 
2.56 

0.80 
0.68 

9 
92 
93 

1.29 
1.27 
0.81 



2.03 

2.58 
2.17 

9— Nit.,  BL,  Bn. 

92,  93— Nit.,  BL, 

Bn.,  BatG. 

"Y.85 

0.66 
1.42 
0.74 

90 

91 

138 

1.32 
1.21 

1.79 

1.86 
1.91 
1.35 

90,  91— Nit.,  BL, 

Bn.,  BatG. 
138— Nit.,Bl.,Bn. 



a60 

135 

1.19 

1.73 

1.60 

1.24 

Nit.,  BL,   Bn. 

10 

0.20 

2.71 

Nit.,   BL,  Bn. 



121 

0.67 

2.00 

0.68 

Nit.,   BL,  Bn. 
Nit.V"BL,"Bn." 



116 
118 

0.97 
0.98 

2.22 
2.16 

0.64 
0.64 

17 

M4 

4.161 

0.792 

4.95 

0.80 

5.00 

In  fine  Tankage. 


2  In  medium  Tankage. 


18 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION. 

ANALYSES  AND  VALUATIONS— Continued. 


F 

fo 

cr 
o 

S3 
r+ 

o 
-i 
«<! 

c 
B 

o- 

CD 

Name  and  Address  of  Manufacturer 

and  Name  of  Brand.                                     *rom  Whom  Obtained. 

<; 

1-8 

o 

a 

27 

American  Agricultural  ChemiealCo., 
Cal.  Works,  Los  Angeles. 

Bradley's  California  Vegetable 

*               do 

W.  R.  Powell,  Glendora 

23.99 

28 

Pacific  Wood  and  Coal  Co.,  San  Diego 

25.18 

Guaranteed _ 

25.69 

18 
19 

*Bradlev's  Fruit  and  Vine 

*               do 

Guaranteed _.   _  ._ 

Pacific  Wood  and  Coal  Co.,  San  Diego 
J.  R.  Mattingly,  Fresno  ..  . 

24.81 
26.36 

24.37 

20 

*Bradley's  Special  Fruit  and  Vine 

Guaran  teed 

Pacific  Wood  and  Coal  Co.,  San  Diego 

32.14 
32.35 

?A 

*Bradley's  Lawn.-     

Pacific  Wood  and  Coal  Co.,  San  Diego 

26.59 

Guaranteed..     

26.53 

?,?, 

*Bradley's  Nursery  Stock 

do 

C.  S.  Spencer,  Orange 

25.76 

A3 

Eben  Boalt,  Palermo 

25.63 

98 

do 

Graham-Cope  Com'l  Co.,  Redlands. ._ 
Pacific  Wood  and  Coal  Co.,  San  Diego 

26.87 

99 

do 

27.06 

Guaranteed.-     .  

26.53 

24 

*Bradley's  Orange  and  Lemon 

*               do 

W.  R.  Powell,  Glendora  .._     

26.77 

25 

Pacific  Wood  and  Coal  Co.,  San  Diego 
Eben  Boalt,  Palermo. 

25.74 

26 

do 

25.88 

100 

do 

Graham-Cope  Com'l  Co.,  Redlands. .- 
Pacific  Wood  and  Coal  Co.,  San  Diego 

27.10 

101 

do    

26.26 

Guaranteed 

25.81 

29 

The   Armour   Fertilizer  Works, 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

Armour's  Bone,  Blood,  and  Potash.. 
Guaranteed . 

H.  B.  Henderson,  Riverside 

33.28 
32.00 

30 

*Armour's  Bone  Meal 

Guaranteed 

H.  Z.  Adams,  Orange 

29.68 

26.70 

31 

*Armour's  Acidulated  Bone  Meal 

Guaranteed 

H.  B.  Henderson,  Riverside 

28.99 

24.30 

3? 

*Dried  Blood    

H.  B.  Henderson,  Riverside 

48.83 

Guaranteed 

45.50 

33 

*Armour's  Fruit  Special 

22.56 

85 

f              do 

Sunnyside  Vineyard  Co.,  Fresno 

Producers'  Fruit  Co.,  Newcastle 

20.07 

12? 

do 

21.70 

Guaranteed ..     . 

21.35 

U>3 

Armour's  Fruit  and  Vine  Fertilizer.- 
Guaranteed 

Producers'  Fruit  Co.,  Lodi _ 

27.08 

26.60 

194 

Armour's  Lawn  and  Garden  Fertilizer 
Guaranteed . 

Producers'  Fruit  Co.,  Lodi 

24.38 

23.20 

34 

Nitrate  of  Soda 

Philip  Rausch,  Redlands. 

49.72 

Guaranteed 

46.50 

35 

Armour's  Orange  Tree  Manure 

do  _. 

H.  B.  Henderson,  Riverside 

24.86 

10<> 

Manufacturers 

28.14 

125 

do 

Producers'  Fruit  Co.,  Newcastle 

27.48 

25.10 

COMMERCIAL    FERTILIZERS. 
ANALYSES    AND   VALUATIONS— Continued. 


19 


a1 
o 

Pounds  per  Hundred. 

>-t 

o 

H 

Phosphoric  Acid. 

Nitrogen. 

Potash. 

0 
0 

pi 

3 

> 

< 

2- 
a; 

CD 

3 

O 

h3 

o 

h- 1 

0 

CTQ 

& 

S' 

0 

E 

Guaranteed 

as 

Derived  From. 

CD 

CD 

o3 

gD 

27 
28 

8.00 
8.60 
8.00 

7.49 
7.62 
7.00 

6.92 
7.00 

9.02 
9.00 

8.32 
8.34 
9.27 
8.96 
9.00 

8.86 
9.14 
8.34 
8.64 
8.06 
8.00 

6.20 
8.00 

16.271 

1.58 
1.15 
1.00 

1.24 
0.70 
1.00 

0.76 
1.00 

1.79 
1.00 

2.04 
3.18 
1.37 
1.71 
1.00 

3.10 
2.17 
2.33 
1.91 
2.22 
1.00 

2.70 
2.00 

11.552 

9.58 
9.75 
9.00 

8.73 
8.32 
8.00 

7.68 
8.00 

10.81  ' 
10.00 

10.36 
11.52 
10.64 
10.67 
10.00 

11.96 
11.31 
10.67 
10.55 
10.28 
9.00 

8.90 
10.00 

27.82 
24.00 

21.13 
18.00 

2.98 
2.70 

0.48 
0.52 

3.46 
3.22 
3.30 

2.96 
3.20 
2.90 

3.68 
3.50 

4.19 
4.10 

4.04 
3.87 
4.00 
4.20 
4.10 

3.69 
3.47 
3.62 
3.76 
3.75 
3.70 

4.82 
4.00 

BL,  Bn.,  T.,  Bat 
G.,  Fs.  G.,  Nit. 

BL,  Bn.,  T.,  Bat 

G.,Fs.  G.,Nit. 

Bl.,Bn.,  T.,  Bat 
G.,Fs.  G.,  Nit. 

Bl.,Bn.,  T.,  Bat 
G.,  Fs.  G.,  Nit. 

BL,  Bn.,  T.,  Bat 
G.,  Fs.  G.,  Nit. 



2.41 
3.55 
4.00 

4.90 
5.67 
5.00 

9.90 
10.00 

1.58 
1.50 

1.78 
1.52 
1.95 
1.78 
1.50 

2.72 
2,47 
2.91 
3.42 
3.17 
3.00 

7.53 
7.00 



.... 

18 
19 

2.08 
2.51 

:::::; 

0.88 
0.69 

0.66 
0.68 

20 

2.83 



0.85 

0.70 

21 

3.63 

0.56 



22 
23 

98 
99 

3.04 
2.09 
2.47 
2.66 

1.00 
1.78 
1.53 
1.54 

.... 

24 

^5 

3.05 

2.87 
2.87 
3.06 
2.86 

::::;: 

0.64 
0.60 
0.75 
0.70 
0.89 

---- 

26 
100 
101 

BL,  Bn.,  T.,  Bat 
G.,Fs.  G.,  Nit. 

BL,  Bn.,  T.,  Nit. 



- 

29 

2.25 

2.57 

0.72 

30 

1.371 

0.972 

2.34 
2.50 

2.31 
1.50 

31 

15.87 
15.00 

5.26 
3.00 

32 

13.95 
13.00 

2.54 

1.82 
1.83 
1.50 

2.12 
2.00 

3.85 
4.00 

83 

6.93 
7.00 
8.00 
8.00 

6.34 
6.00 

4.19 
4.00 

3.02 
3.14 
2.68 
2.00 

0.64 
2.00 

0.70 
1.00 

9.95 
10.14 
10.68 
10.00 

6.98 
8.00 

4.89 
5.00 

1.02 
0.46 
0.30 

1.52 
1.36 
1.53 

3.74 
4.36 
4.90 

0.80 

5^00 

10.06 
10.00 

4.98 
4.00 

4.54 

2.88 

85 
122 

Nit.,BL,Bn.,  T. 
Nit.,BL,  Bn.,T. 

3.60 
3.80 

123 

0.22 

1.90 

1.84 

124 

trace 

3.85 

Nit.,  BL,  Bn.,T. 



34 

16.04 
15.00 

1.30 
1.64 
2.35 

0.78 

35 

8.47 
8.34 
9.24 
8.00 

1.75 
3.13 
2.07 
2.00 

10.22 
11.47 
11.31 
10.00 

""d.28 

1.63 
2.02 

0.84 

2.93 
3.66 
3.47 
3.00 

3.69 
4.11 
3.67 
4.00 



102 

125 

0.80 

Nit.,BL,Bn.,T. 



1  111  fine  Bom 


a  In   medium   Bone. 


20 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION. 

ANALYSES  AND  VALUATIONS— Continued. 


f 

P 
C 

O 

P 

o 
B 

C 

Name  and  Address  of  Manufacturer 
and  Name  of  Brand. 

From  Whom  Obtained. 

< 

0 
CD 

o 

1?6 

Balfour,  Guthrie  &  Co.,  San  Francisco. 

Nitrate  of  Soda 

Guaranteed     _-   ._  .     ._ 

B.,  G.  &  Co. 's  Warehouse..  

48.05 

46.50 

87 

*Sulphate  of  Potash .        

Beckman  &  Beattie,  Lodi_ 

59.95 

Guaranteed .... 

58.32 

?, 

/Thomas  Phosphate  Powder 

Guaranteed .... 

H.  F.  Bracher,  Cupertino 

18.59 

1?7 

B.,  G.  &  Co.'s  Warehouse _ 

17.33 

17.89 

88 

*Thomas  Phosphate  Powder  _-._.. 

Salt  Broth ers ,  Oroville -_. 

15.92 

Guaranteed ..  .  ..  . 

15.55 

105 

T.  A.  Blakely,  San  Bernardino,  Cal. 

Citrus  Special  A 

Manufacturer      -  _ 

36.73 

Guaranteed  ..     _        

26.00 

39 

California    Fertilizer  Works, 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

*Fruit  and  Vine _     _     _     .     

W.  W.  Gillett,  Palermo 

29.34 

Guaranteed ..     ._ 

26.65 

86 

/"Fruit,  Orange,  and  Vine 

Sunnyside  Vineyard  Co.,  Fresno 

Sam  Meyer,  Healdsburg. . 

31.40 

1?8 

do               _.          ...  .   .. 

31.33 

Guaranteed                             

27.05 

82 

/High     Grade     Ammoniated    Bone 
Superphosphate 

Geo.  W.  Hume,  Los  Gatos _. 

30.27 

Guaranteed     .  .  .     ..  ._ 

28.82 

40 

*Nursery  Stock 

Jas.  Feely,  Red  Bluff 

30.24 

Guaranteed.  -     . 

22.80 

139 

Nursery  Stock  _.     .          - 

Geo.  D.  Kellogg,  Newcastle 

29.57 

130 

do                                     -     

Sam  Meyer,  Healdsburg  _             

30.12 

Guaranteed  - ._  . 

26.50 

131 

Odorless  Lawn  Dressing  __      _        

Geo.  D.  Kellogg,  Newcastle 

22.71 

Guaranteed _  

21.23 

133 

Special  Orange  Tree    

Geo.  D.  Kellogg,  Newcastle.  .      

28.32 

Guaranteed  .       

24.65 

117 

/Peach 

Frank  Tupper ,  Newcastle 

Geo.  D.  Kellogg,  Newcastle _.  __ 

30.61 

119 

do          _  _  

31.41 

Guaranteed  - 

26.45 

134 

Truck  and  Berry._  ..       .   

Geo.  D.  Kellogg,  Newcastle.   .     

30.60 

Guaranteed : _. 

24.09 

133 

Special  Formula __ 

Geo.  D.  Kellogg,  Newcastle. .       

33.13 

Guaranteed 

27.85 

137 

/Special  Formula 

Guaranteed  

E.  Clemens  Horst  Co.,  Perkins 

30.28 
28.73 

4? 

Chas.  S.  Hardy,  San  Diego,  Cal. 

Hardy's  Tankage  . 

Guaranteed -  

Manufacturer 

31.88 

23.10 

COMMERCIAL    FERTILIZERS. 
ANALYSES   AND   VALUATIONS— Continued. 


21 


o4 

Pounds  per  Hundred. 

O 

Phosphoric  Acid. 

Nitrogen. 

Potash. 

o 
o 

2 

pa 
3 
c 

CD 

4 

> 
2. 

a; 
p 

3 

OS 

o 
a; 

o 

S3 

03  0 

o 

arq 
2 

©" 

H 

o 

Guaranteed 

as 

Derived  From. 

CO 

It 

H 
o 

'•■ 

126 

1 
i 

15.50 
15.00 

| 

37 

49.96 



5.52 

48.60 

2 
127 

16.23> 

14.881 

3.932 

20.16 

4.082  18.96 

19.45 

17.61 

38 

13.381 

4.232 

16.90 

12.76 
10.00 

8.45 
7.00 

105 

9.20 
5.00 

7.03 
4.50 

8.55 
9.39 
8.00 

10.91 
14.00 

6.65 
5.00 

8.59 
8.49 
8.00 

3.56 
5.00 

1.42 
2.50 

0.25 

3.94 

4.19 
4.00 

2.65 
2.50 

3.25 
3.02 
2.50 

Nit","  Bl.V  Bn." 

Nit.,  Animal 
matter    _ 

7.04 

8.41 
4.00 

4.00 
10.00 

8.03 
7.70 
7.00 

11.04 



39 

1.72 

0.93 

5.42 

86 

128 

2.73    11.28 
1.94  j  11.33 

2.09 
1.19 

"6.65 

1.16 
1.18 

Nit.,  Animal 
matter 

:;:::: 

0.78 
0.52 

8? 

8.36 

19.27 

4.07 
3.07 

5.13 
4.00 

4.52 
4.72 
4.15 

matter 

4.25 

40 

2.96 
3.00 

2.56 
2.69 
2.00 

9.61 
8.00 

11.15 
11.18 
10.00 

13. 533 
10.00 

11.18 
9.00 

9.45 
10.74 
9.00 

12.84 
11.00 

12.14 
10.00 

7.04 
7.00 

20.63 

2.06 

5.22 

• 

2.00 

2.88 
2.88 
2.00 

1.89 
1.50 

6.23 
6.00 

8.72 
7.66 
7.50 

3.98 
2.00 

10.34 
10.00 



129 
130 

2.45 
2.67 

0.74 
0.72 

1.33 
1.33 

Nit.,  Animal 
matter  ____ 



0.60 

131 

2.90 
3.30 

1.38 

132 

8.92 
7.00 

8.52 
9.08 
7.00 

9.83 
8.00 

9.35 
8.00 

4.97 
4.00 

16.92* 

2.26 
2.00 

0.93 
1.66 
2.00 

3.01 
3.00 

2.79 
2.00 

2.07 
3.00 

3.715 

0.49 

0.94 

2.81 
2.50 

2.89 
3.22 
2.50 

3.91 
3.30 

2.45 
1.65 

3.41 
3.25 

Nit.,  Animal 
matter 

0.74 

117 
119 

1.24 
1.45 

0.59 
0.68 

1.06 
1.09 

Nit.,  Animal 
matter 

1.72 
1.06 

134 

1.99 

0.62 

1.30 

Nit.,  Animal 
matter 



0.84 

133 

0.35 

0.79 

1.31 

Nit.,  Animal 
matter 

0.90 

137 

1.34 

0.20 

1.87 

Nit.,  Animal 
matter 

12.26 
12.00 

12.48 

42 

3.65*    0.805 

4.45 
4.50 

12.00 

1  In  fine  Powder.  2  In  medium  Powder.  3  From  Thomas  Phosphate  Powder. 

4  Tn  fine  Tankage.  5In  medium  Tankage. 


22  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION. 

ANALYSES  AND  VALUATIONS— Continued. 


Name  and  Address  of  Manufacturer 
and  Name  of  Brand. 


From  Whom  Obtain  kd 


81 
114 
115 


43 
103 

44 
104 

45 
46 

106 

54 
47 
48 
50 
51 
52 
53 
r>') 
56 


Thomas  Lewis,  Sacramento,  Cal. 

/"The  Lewis  Fertilizer 

do . 

do 

Guaranteed 


T.  Reeves,  Sacramento . 

Manufacturer 

L.  L.  Crocker,  Loomis  . 


The   Maier   Fertilizer  Co., 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 


AA 


AA 


Guaranteed. 


Guaranteed 


Guaranteed . 


G.  W.  Dickson,  Riverside. 

Manufacturers 

G.  W.  Dickson,  Riverside. 
Manufacturers 


Guaranteed. 


Mapes   Formula  and   Peruvian 
Guano  Co.,  New  York. 

Mapes  Fruit  and  Vine  Manure  ___ 
Guaranteed 


Mapes  Orange  Tree  Manure 
Guaranteed 


J.  J.  Prendergast,  Redlands 
J.  J.  Prendergast,  Redlands 


S.  M.  Neely,  San  Diego,  Cal. 

Bird  Guano I  S.  M.  Neely,  San  Diego 

Guaranteed i 


N.  Ohlandt  &  Co.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 

♦Acidulated  Bone  Black 

Guaranteed 


♦Steamed  Bone  Meal. 
Guaranteed 


•Grape  Fertilizer  (00). 
Guaranteed 


*Kainit 

Guaranteed 

*Nitrate  of  Soda 
Guaranteed 


♦Peach,  Almond  and  Prune  (0) 
Guaranteed 


♦Sulphate  of  Potash 
Guaranteed 


♦Thomas  Phosphate  Powder 

Guaranteed 


♦Vegetable  Grower  (000)  .  . 
Guaranteed . 


F.  R.  Cook,  San  Jose  . 
F.  R.  Cook,  San  Jose 
F.  R.  Cook,  San  Jose 
F.  R.  Cook,  San  Jose" 
F.  R.  Cook,  San  Jose" 
F.  R.  Cook,  San  Jose" 
F.  R.  Cook,  San  Jose" 
F.  R.  Cook,  San  Jose" 
F.  R.  Cook,  San  Jose* 


19.47 
6.60 
6.35 

18.32 


24.23 
24.70 

28.85 
27.20 

20.66 
20.30 

24.53 
12.40 


28.61 
24.25 


24.38 
22.86 


40.74 
33.72 


21.55 
19.35 

28.37 
25.10 

42.57 
39.80 

12.69 
12.00 

45.94 
41.85 

33.68 
26.90 

58.46 
57.60 

17.43 
14.72 

40.89 
36.80 


COMMERCIAL    FERTILIZERS. 
ANALYSES    AND    VALUATIONS— Continued. 


23 


f 

9 

Pounds  per  Hundred. 

9 

O 
•< 

Phosphoric  Acid. 

Nitrogen. 

Potash. 

0 

0 

2 

< 

2. 

9 

a; 

S3 
O 
S3" 

H 
o 

E 

3 

3  " 

GOfci 

ST? 

O 
5" 

0 

E 

Guaranteed 

as 

Derived  From. 

9 
CD 

QQ 
9 

0 

3 

81 
114 
115 

3.98 
1.80 
2.01 
0.40 

,    6.58 
7.00 

7.49 
7.00 

2.96 
3.50 

9.63 
4.00 

5.42 
5.00 

5.27 
6.00 

11.66 
8.86 

12.10 
12.00 

14.741 

1.25 
0.32 
0.27 
6.60 

1.98 
2.00 

4.21 
4.00 

1.81 
2.00 

4.29 
2.00 

3.06 
2.00 

4.94 
3.00 

1.06 
1.10 

12.40 
12.38 

10.682 

5.23 
2.12 
2.28 
7.00 

8.56 
9.00 

11.70 
11.00 

4.77 
5.50 

13.92 
6.00 

8.48 
7.00 

10.21 
9.00 

12.72 
9.96 

24.50 
24.38 

25.42 
22.00 

17.15 
12.00 

0.57 

0.97 

1.54 

1.05 
0.98 
3.50 





7.60 
0.62 

0.74 

0.42 
2.75 

Sewage,  Bl.,Fs. 

"Bl.7Bn.7T.--" 

~B1.7Bn.7T"--" 

43 

103 

44 





3.42 
3.50 

4.32 
4.00 

4.82 
4.50 

3.31 
2.00 

0.86 

3.26 
3.00 

2.91 
3.00 

.... 

Bl.,Bn.,T 

104 

2.30 
1.65 

3.51 
3.29 

8.25 
6.97 

Bl.,Bn.,T.  . 

45 

1.18 

0.26 

Nit.,  Animal 
matter 

Nit.,  Animal 
matter 



11.14 
10.00 

4.01 
3.00 

"i."74 

1.08 

46 

2.41 

0.30 

0.80 

1.04 

106 

0.75 

1.97 

5.53 

1.43 

2.30 

,54 

0.61 

47 

1.491 

1.082 

2.57 
2.50 

2.61 
3.00 

48 

12.08 
10.00 

5.07 
2.00 







~t"~~7"7777 

12.69 
12.00 

14.31 
14.00 



0.64 

50 

31.86 





51 

14.82 
13.50 

2.95 
3.00 

52 

8.25 
7.00 

5.82 
2.00 

14.07 
9.00 



0.36 

3.31 

Nit.777777 

-  — 

9.23 
7.00 

48.72 
48.00 



0.52 

53 

1.90 

55 

15.943 

2.49* 

18.43 
16.00 

17.19 
12.00 

56 

13.27 
10.00 

3.92 
2.00 

1.69 

2.31 

4.00 
4.00 

Nit,T.  _"_"" 



8.59 
9.00 



0.54 

In  fine  Bone.        2  In  medium  Bone. 


3  In  fine  Powder. 


*  In  medium  Powder. 


24 


UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION. 

ANALYSES  AND  VALUATIONS— Continued. 


Name  and  Address  of  Manufacturer 
and  Name  of  Brand. 


From  Whom  Obtained. 


Pacific  Bone,  Coal  and  Fertilizing  Co., 
San  Francisco,  Cal. 

/EE 


Guaranteed. 


136 

57 
107 

58 
108 

59 
109 

60 
3 
61 
63 
62 

64 
110 
111 


67 
112 
113 


Pure  Bone  Meal 

Guaranteed 

Southern  California  Fertilizer  Co., 
Ontario,  Cal. 


'Lawn  and  Nursery 
Guaranteed 


Eggers  Vineyard  Co.,  San  Francisco. 
Cox  Seed  Co.,  San  Francisco ._. 


Lawn  and  Nursery 
Guaranteed-.. 


H.  P.  D.  Kingsbury,  Redlands 
Manufacturers 


Orange  

Guaranteed . 

Orange 

Guaranteed . 


H.  P.  D.  Kingsbury,  Redlands 
Manufacturers 


♦Orange  and  Lemon 
Guaranteed 


Orange  Special  _ . 
Guaranteed. 


H.  P.  D.  Kingsbury,  Redlands 
Manufacturers 


Swift  &  Co.,  Chicago,  111. 

♦Swift's  Diamond  "D"  Fertilizer 
Guaranteed 


/♦Swift's  Diamond  "E"  Fertilizer  ... 
Guaranteed 


C.  B.  Smith,  Redlands 

Sweetwater  Fruit  Co.,  Bonita 


♦Swift's  Diamond  "E"  Fertilizer 
Guaranteed 


♦Swift's  Diamond  "G"  Fertilizer 
Guaranteed 


♦Swift's  Ground  Dried  Blood  _ 
Guaran  teed 


C.  B.  Smith,  Redlands. 
C.  B.  Smith,  Redlands . 
C.  B.  Smith,  Redlands. 


Union  Fertilizer  Co.,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

Blood 

Guaranteed 


Bone  Meal 

Guaranteed . 

Fruiting 

Guaranteed 


J.  F.  Jackson,  Riverside. 
Manufacturers . 


Manufacturers. 


Orange  and  Lemon 
do 

do 

Guaranteed.  _. 


J.  F.  Jackson,  Riverside 
J.  W.  Freeman,  Upland 
Manufacturers . .. 


COMMERCIAL    FERTILIZERS. 
ANALYSES   AND   VALUATIONS— Continued. 


25 


r1 

?o 
a" 
o 

Pounds 

PER    ] 

Hundred. 

Phosphoric 

Acid. 

Nitrogen. 

Potash 

0 
g 

0 

as 
1 

4 

III 

g,     i      g, 

o 

E 

3 

3' 

O 

00. 

s 

n 

►a 

0 

E 

Guaranteed 

as 

Derived  From. 

0 

CG 
C 

0 

E 

83 

10.09 
6.00 

10.763 

4.39 
6.00 

13.69* 

14.48 
12.00 

24.45 
22.00 

10.68 
10.00 

9.93 
9.00 

13.30 
12.00 

11.24 
10.00 

13.65 
11.00 

11.64 
11.00 

21.85 
19.00 

18.29 
16.00 

19.09 
16.00 

17.35 
19.00 

1.10 

0.94 

1.33 

3.37 
3.00 

Bn.,  Nit.,  Am. 
Sul.,  T 

i    4.98 

5.00 

' 

136 

1.373 

1.75* 

3.12 
2.50 

2.29 

1  .... 

57 

7.83 
8.00 

8.21 
8.00 

11.42 
10.00 

9.52 
9.00 

12.20 
8.00 

9.75 
10.00 

12.561 

2.85 
2.00 

1.72 
1.00 

1.88 
2.00 

1.72 
1.00 

1.45 
3.00 

1.89 
1.00 

9.292 

... 
2.23 

4.52 
5.00 

5.60 
5.00 

4.19 
3.30 

3.98 
3.30 

3.86 
3.50 

4.56 
4.12 

Bn.,T.,Bl.,Nit. 
Nit.VT."Bn.  -\ 
Bn.,  Bl.,  T.,  Nit. 
N~it,~T~rBn7-- 
Bm,"T",_BL/Nit." 
Nit.7T.rBn."." 

Bn.7Bl.~,~Meat! 

8.45 

1.78 
1.00 

2.22 
1.00 

2.82 
2.00 

2.72 
2.00 

2.93 
3.50 

4.28 
3.00 

ib.bd 



0.52 

107 

2.29 

3.31 

0.66 

58 

1.62 

2.57 

.... 

108 

1.50 

2.48 

0.68 

59 

1.61 

2.25 

0.58 

109 

2.09 

2.47 

0.76 

60 

1.341 

0.952 

2.29 
1.65 

5.61 
4.94 

5.46 
5.00 

4.48 
3.25 

14.09 

8.68 

3 

7.73 

10.56 

4.041 

1.422 

0.78 

Animal  matter 

tf1 

14.131 

4.962 

0.64 



BL,  Bn.  _ 

63 

9.201 

8.152 

2.371 

2.112 

~BL~~Bn~~  T.lll 

4.09 

5.0b 



4.48 

62 

_   ..     _ 

_    _ 

13.00 

64 

13.90 
12.00 

3.86 
3.00 

1.84 

110 

3.933 

16.77* 

20.70 
22.00 

12.15 
12.00 

10.02 
11.97 
11.51 
10.00 

0.733 

3.13* 

111 

10.98 
10.00 

8.25 
10.35 

8.56 
8.00 

1 

1.17 
2.00 

1.77 
1.62 
2.95 
2.00 

1.41 

0.86 

4.11 
4.00 

3.48 
3.46 
3.38 
3.00 

4.84 
5.00 

3.53 
3.94 
3.18 
3.50 



0.96 

Nit.,  Guano. ._ 



67 
112 
113 

0.74 
0.73 
0.58 

0.60 
0.67 
0.72 

2.14 
2.06 
2.08 

!.18 
0.86 
0.76 

Nit,  T.,  Guano 



1  In  fine  Bone  and  Tankage.     2  in  medium  Bone  and  Tankage. 
3  In  fine  Bone.        *  In  medium  Bone. 


26 


UNIVERSITY    OF   CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT   STATION. 

ANALYSES  AND  VALUATIONS— Continued. 


r 

c 
o 

p 

o 

s 

1= 
B 
c 

«> 

H 

Name  and  Address  of  Manufacturer 
and  Name  of  Brand. 

From  Whom  Obtained. 

<3 

Pi 

V 
a 

o 

69 

West  Coast  Fertilizer  Works, 
Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

*Double  Superphosphate 

Guaranteed 

D.  C.  Twogood,  Riverside 

55.15 

57.60 

70 

*No.  3 

D.  C.  Twogood,  Riverside - 

25.11 

Guaranteed 

24.25 

71 

^Special _ __  . 

D.  C.  Twogood,  Riverside 

22.45 

Guaranteed .   _. 

24.25 

72 

*Standard 

D.  C.  Twogood,  Riverside 

24.08 

Guaranteed 

26.80 

4 

/Special  Formula .   __ 

A.  G.  Hubbard,  Redlands 

23.08 

Guaranteed 

24.60 

73 

Western  Meat  Co.,  San  Francisco,  Cal. 
W.  M.  Co.  Bone  Meal 

Manufacturers  .  _  

31.08 

Guaranteed 

29.70 

74 

W.  M.  Co.  Tankage 

Manufacturers . 

36.43 

84 

/              do 

W.  H.  Britton,  Morgan  Hill 

37.49 

Guaranteed 

35.00 

Miscellaneous  Fertilizing  Materials. 
Sheeji  Manure. 

Sample  No.  75,  sent  by  W.  E.  Sprott,  Porterville— 

Phosphoric  acid 1-47% 

Nitrogen 1.99 

Potash 1.51 

Wool  Waste. 

Sample  No.  77,  sent  by  Theodore  Eder,  Perkins — 

Phosphoric  acid 0.76% 

Nitrogen 1.03 

Potash 1.45 

Street  Sweepings. 

Sample  No.  79,  sent  by  J.  E.  Woodruff,  Redlands — 

Phosphoric  acid 0.51% 

Nitrogen 0.31 

Potash 0.18 

It  will  be  seen  from  the  foregoing  tables  that  nearly  all  goods  sold  in 
the  State  are  pretty  well  up  to  guarantee.  Especially  is  this  true  of 
the  goods  put  on  the  market  after  the  law  went  into  effect.  In  some 
instances  a  brand  has  been  short  in  one  or  two  ingredients,  but  has  had 


COMMERCIAL    FERTILIZERS. 
ANALYSES   AND   VALUATIONS— Continued. 


27 


c 

o 

Pounds  per  Hundred. 

SB 

o 

Phosphoric  Acid. 

Nitrogen. 

Potash. 

a 

a 

3 

P 

s 

CD 

4 

> 

2. 

SB 

p 

CO 

O 
P 

o 

jzj 

<rt- 

S" 

3  P 

g> 
»  ? 

o 

So 
P 

5" 

h3 

o 

r+ 

Guaranteed 

as 

Derived  From. 

K 
P 

© 

0Q 

►3 

o 

3 

69 

45.96 
48.00 

6.96 
8.00 

9.62 
12.00 

7.51 
10.00 

10.92 
13.00 

9.251 

0.32 

46.28 

70 

2.49 
1.00 

10.37 
1.00 

2.44 
1.00 

1.20 
15.762 

9.45 
9.00 

19.99 
13.00 

9.95 
11.00 

12.12 
13.00 

25.01 
24.00 

9.53 

8.88 

10.00 

1.89 

0.50 

2.39 
2.50 

1.83 
2.50 

3.96 
4.00 

0.34 

Bn.,  B1.,T.,  Nit. 
Bn.,  B1.,T.,  Nit. 
Bn.,  Bl.,  T.,  Nit. 



6.83 
5.00 

0.56 
1.00 

1.24 
1.00 

6.95 
7.50 





71 

0.46 

1.37 

_... 

72 

2.89 

1.07 

0.86 

4 









73 

1.551 

2.642 

4.19 
3.50 

8.99 
9.55 
9.00 

74 
84 

7.623 
6.973 

1.91* 
1.91* 

7.193 
7.503 

1.80* 
2.05* 

1 

--I-- 

1  In  fine  Bone.        2  In  medium  Bone.        3In  fine  Tankage.        4In  medium  Tankage. 

a  compensating  excess  in  the  other  ingredient  or  ingredients,  which 
made  the  value  on  the  analysis  equal  to  or  greater  than  the  value  on 
the  guarantee.  This  does  not  indicate  any  dishonesty  on  the  part  of 
the  manufacturer,  but  indicates  poor  mixing.  It  is  gratifying  to  note 
that,  as  a  class,  the  manufacturers  doing  business  in  the  State  are  meet- 
ing their  guarantees,  and  to  all  such  the  fertilizer  law  is  a  protection. 

REPORT    OF    SALES. 

The  reports  of  sales  required  by  Section  8  of  the  law  showed  the  fol- 
lowing for  the  first  two  quarters  of  the  fiscal  year: 

Quarter  ending  September  30,  1903 1,404  tons. 

Quarter  ending  December  31,  1903 1,451  tons. 

The  reports  for  the  third  quarter  are  not  all  in  as  this  report  goes  to 
press,  but  the  indications  are  that  the  sales  will  be  approximately  4,000 
tons. 

As  has  already  been  suggested,  the  fertilizer  dealers  give  two  reasons 
for  these  small  sales,  namely,  the  prolonged  drought  in  southern  Cali- 
fornia, and  the  poor  prices  received  for  the  orange  crop. 


28  UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA EXPERIMENT    STATION. 


ECONOMY    IN    THE    USE    OF    HIGH-GKADE    FERTILIZERS. 

Farmers  are  advised  to  use  fertilizers  containing  a  high  percentage 
of  ingredients,  for  the  reason  that  they  are  cheaper.  A  comparison  of 
the  following  formulas  will  show  why  this  is  true.  Suppose,  for  exam- 
ple, a  fertilizer  of  this  low-grade  composition  is  offered: 

Phosphoric  acid 6%  =    600  lbs.  20%  superphosphate. 

Nitrogen 2%  =    275  lbs.  blood  and  nitrate  of  soda. 

Potash 3%  =    125  lbs.  sulfate  of  potash. 

Total  materials  used 1,000  lbs. 

Filler  required  to  make  out  the  ton_  1,000  lbs. 

Another  of  this  higher-grade  composition  is  offered : 

Phosphoric  acid 12%  =  1,200  lbs.  20%  superphosphate. 

Nitrogen 4%  =     550  lbs.  blood  and  nitrate  of  soda. 

Potash 6%  =     250  lbs.  sulfate  of  potash. 

Total  materials  used 2,000  lbs. 

No  filler  required. 


Supposing  the  second  formula  to  cost  twice  as  much  as  the  first, 
money  will  be  saved  by  buying  the  second ;  because,  for  the  same  amount 
of  plant-food,  only  one  half  of  the  second  would  be  needed  per  acre, 
and  this  would  require  but  one  half  of  the  freight  charges  and  one 
half  the  time  spent  in  handling.  Nor  is  this  all.  The  filler  is  worth- 
less to  the  farmer,  but  it  costs  the  fertilizer  manufacturer  as  much 
to  mix  and  handle  the  filler  as  it  does  the  fertilizing  materials  them- 
selves, and  he  charges  for  the  expense.  Farmers  have  been  heard  to 
exclaim  in  surprise  and  disgust  that  they  have  seen  fertilizers  that 
actually  contained  sawdust,  cinders,  sand,  etc.  No  doubt  they  have. 
The  manufacturer  is  at  liberty  to  use  anything  for  a  filler  he  chooses, 
so  long  as  it  is  not  an  injurious  material.  The  farmer  himself  is 
responsible  for  low-grade  goods.  He  demands  a  fertilizer  at  a  low  price 
per  ton,  and  the  filler  is  absolutely  necessary,  but  he  is  paying  a  very 
high  price  for  the  actual  plant-food  contained.  If  the  farmer  wants 
high-grade  goods  the  manufacturers  will  gladly  make  them. 

THE     NEW    FERTILIZER    LAW. 

The  California  fertilizer  law  is  fully  abreast  of  the  times  in  its  pro- 
visions. Its  distinguishing  feature  is  the  requirement  that  the  sources 
of  the  ingredients  be  stated  on  the  labels.  The  wonder  is  that  all  State 
laws  have  not  required  this,  but  as  a  matter  of  fact  only  a  few  have 
done  so.  But  this  feature  is  more  important  in  California  than  in  any 
other  State  having  a  fertilizer  law.  As  was  suggested  in  the  discussion 
of  nitrogen,  the  nature  of  the  climate  and  soil  here  make  it  highly 
accessary  that  the  farmer  know  just  what  materials  he  is  using.  The 
Fertilizer  Control  is   endeavoring  to  require  the  manufacturer  to  state 


COMMERCIAL    FERTILIZERS.  21) 

not  only  the  total  percentage  of  nitrogen  and  the  materials  from  which 
it  is  derived,  but  also  the  amount  present  each  of-  nitric,  ammoniacal, 
and  organic  nitrogen.  The  law  clearly  warrants  this  construction,  and 
it  is  what  was  speciallyantended  by  its  framers.  Whether  or  not  the 
Fertilizer  Control  is  successful  in  carrying  out  the  requirement,  the 
consumers  of  fertilizers  should  demand  this  knowledge.  Opposition  to  the 
requirement  has  come  from  only  a  very  limited  riumber  of  manufacturers, 
and  the  chief  objection  urged  is  that  it  would  require  the  manufacturer 
to  give  away  his  secrets.  This  is  not  true,  however.  It  is  only  required 
that  the  manufacturer  give  the  information  on  the  manufactured  goods, 
and  does  not  require  him  to  state  a  single  fact  as  to  the  process  of  manu- 
facture. 

The  statement  has  been  made  that  the  farmer  does  not  care  to  know 
of  what  materials  his  goods  are  made,  and  that  he,  as  a  rule,  wants 
to  leave  the  matter  of  selecting  fertilizers  for  his  crops  to  the  manu- 
facturer. There  may  be  a  few  farmers  so  averse  to  thinking  for 
themselves  that  they  want  to  do  this,  but  it  is  to  be  hoped  that  at  least 
ninety-nine  per  cent  of  the  farmers  in  California  are  progressive  enough 
to  want  to  know  why  they  use  this  or  that  formula;  and  to  know  this, 
requires  that  they  shall  know  the  full  composition  of  the  fertilizer, 
and  what  part  each  component  in  the  fertilizer  plays.  It  would  be  a 
hopeless  state  of  affairs  if  our  farmers  were  willing  to  commit  them- 
selves to  that  practice,  no  matter  how  honest  the  manufacturers  may 
be,  and  settle  down  into  a  state  of  "blissful  ignorance."  Such  a  placid 
resignation  of  the  exercise  of  judgment  on  the  part  of  the  farmers 
would  preclude  the  necessity  for  a  fertilizer  law,  and  the  principle 
carried  to  its  logical  conclusion  would  also  render  nugatory  many  of 
the  other  efforts  of  the  Agricultural  College  and  the  Experiment  Station 
to  familiarize  farmers  with  the  principles  of  rational  agriculture. 

The  Station  has  not  the  slightest  desire  to  array  the  farmer  against 
the  manufacturer.  It  is  its  purpose  to  see  that  both  sides  get  fair  treat- 
ment, and  it  will  always  stand  on  this  ground.  There  should  be  confi- 
dence between  the  two,  but  it  should  be  a  confidence  born  of  intelligence, 
and  not  of  blind  faith. 

THE    LABELING    OF    FERTILIZER    PACKAGES. 

To  be  properly  labeled  each  bag  or  package  of  fertilizer  should  bear 
the  following  information,  which  may  be  upon  a  tag  attached  to  the 
bag  or  it  may  be  printed  on  the  bag,  provided  it  is  plainly  done: 

The  name  and  address  of  the  manufacturer,  and  place  of  manufacture. 

The  name  or  brand  of  fertilizer. 

"Registered"  No 

A  chemical  analysis,  giving  the  percentages  of  essential  ingredients. 

A  statement  of  the  materials  from  which  the  essential  ingredients  are 
derived. 


REPORTS  AND  BULLETINS  AVAILABLE  FOR    DISTRIBUTION. 


REPORTS. 


1896.  Report  of  the  Viticultural  Work  during  the  seasons  1887-93,  with  data  regarding 

the  Vintages  of  1894-95. 

1897.  Resistant  Vines,  their  Selection,  Adaptation,  and  Grafting.     Appendix  to  Viti- 

cultural Report  for  1896. 
1898#    Partial  Report  of  Work  of  Agricultural  Experiment  Station  for  the  years  1895-96 

and  1896-97. 
1900.     Report  of  the  Agricultural  Experiment  Station  for  the  year  1897-98. 
1902.    Report  of  the  Agricultural  Experiment  Station  for  1898-1901. 

BULLETINS. 

No.  121.  The  Conservation  of  Soil  Moisture  and  Economy  in  the  Use  of  Irrigation  Water. 

125.  Australian  Saltbush. 

127.  Bench-Grafting  Resistant  Vines. 

128.  Nature,  Value,  and  Utilization  of  Alkali  Lands. 

129.  Report  of  the  Condition  of  Olive  Culture  in  California. 

131.  The  Phylloxera  of  the  Vine. 

132.  Feeding  of  Farm  Animals. 

133.  Tolerance  of  Alkali  by  Various  Cultures. 

134.  Report  of  Condition  of  Vineyards  in  Portions  of  Santa  Clara  Valley. 

135.  The  Potato-Worm  in  California. 

136.  Erinose  of  the  Vine. 

137.  Pickling  Ripe  and  Green  Olives. 

138.  Citrus  Fruit  Culture. 

139.  Orange  and  Lemon  Rot. 

140.  Lands  of  the  Colorado  Delta  in  Salton  Basin,  and  Supplement. 

141.  Deciduous  Fruits  at  Paso  Robles. 

142.  Grasshoppers  in  California. 

143.  California  Peach-Tree  Borer. 

144.  The  Peach-Worm. 

145.  The  Red  Spider  of  Citrus  Trees. 

146.  New  Methods  of  Grafting  and  Budding  Vines. 

147.  Culture  Work  of  the  Substations. 

148.  Resistant  Vines  and  their  Hybrids. 

149.  California  Sugar  Industry. 

150.  The  Value  of  Oak  Leaves  for  Forage. 

151.  Arsenical  Insecticides. 

152.  Fumigation  Dosage. 

153.  Spraying  with  Distillates. 

154.  Sulfur  Sprays  for  Red  Spider. 

155.  Directions  for  Spraying  for  the  Codling-Moth. 

156.  Fowl  Cholera. 

CIRCULARS. 

No.  1.  Texas  Fever.  No.  7.  Remedies  for  Insects. 

2.  Blackleg.  8.  Laboratory    Method    of    Water 

3.  Hog  Cholera.  Analysis. 

4.  Anthrax.  9.  Asparagus  Rust. 

5.  Contagious  Abortion  in  Cows.  10.  Reading    Course    in    Economic 

6.  Methods  of  Physical  and  Chem-  Entomology. 

ical  Soil  Analysis.  11.     Fumigation  Practice. 

Copies  may  be  had  by  application  to  the  Director  of  the  Experiment 
Station,  Berkeley,  California. 


